Further developments
The development did not stagnate. Three years after the first animation show, The Cinematographe, the world's first projection device, created by the Lumière brothers, arrived on the market. With this came the first paid public showing of a film ever. With the advent of computers in the 20th century, there was an efficiency battle in animation creation. Many 2D animations are now created using software packages. This means that every movement no longer needs to be drawn picture by picture. It is often enough to make the start and end image, the rest is done by the software package.
And then came 3D. The first 3D computer animation (used in film) was created in 1972 by Edwin Catmull and Fred Parke. Two nerds at the University of Utah created a 3D animation of Edwin's left hand and the face of Fred's wife. The short film they made of this is now seen as a revolutionary moment for both art and film. The same Edwin later became the co-founder of Pixar and is president of Walt Disney and Pixar Animation Studios. The first fully 3D animated feature film was Toy Story. This movie was produced in 1995 by Disney and Pixar. It became a big hit. Since then, this form of animation has grown enormously, and animated films such as Toy Story, Shrek and UP! are some of the hottest films of the past 20 years.